Meniscal Tears

Understanding Meniscal Tears

The meniscus is a piece of cartilage that provides a cushion between your femur (thigh bone) and tibia (shin bone). There are two menisci in each knee joint. They can be damaged or torn during activities that put pressure on or rotate the knee joint.

Causes of Meniscal Tears

Meniscal tears are commonly caused by twisting or turning quickly, often with the foot planted while the knee is bent. Meniscal tears can occur when you lift something heavy or play sports. As you get older, your meniscus gets worn. This can make it tear more easily.

Symptoms of a Meniscal Tear

A torn meniscus causes pain, swelling and stiffness. You might also feel a block to knee motion and have trouble extending your knee fully. The most common symptoms of a meniscal tear are knee pain and swelling. Other symptoms include a popping sensation during the injury, difficulty moving the knee, and instability in the knee.

Diagnosis of Meniscal Tears

Doctors diagnose a meniscal tear based on a physical examination and your description of symptoms. An MRI might be necessary to confirm the diagnosis as it can capture detailed images of the menisci.

Treatment Options for Meniscal Tears

Treatment of a meniscal tear depends on its size, type, and location. If your tear is small and on the outer edge of the meniscus, it may not require surgical repair. Rest, ice, compression, and elevation (RICE) may be enough to relieve your symptoms.

Physical therapy can strengthen the muscles around your knee and in your legs to help stabilize and support the knee joint. In other cases, a meniscal tear might require surgical repair. Surgery may be done through small incisions using an arthroscope. After surgery, you will need to do exercises to optimize knee strength and stability.

Prevention of Meniscal Tears

While not all meniscal tears can be prevented, you can take steps to protect your knees from injury. Keeping your leg muscles strong, wearing shoes that fit properly, and using knee-friendly techniques during your activities can help keep your knees healthy.

In conclusion, a meniscal tear is a common knee injury that can cause pain, swelling, and stiffness. If you have these symptoms, see your doctor for a diagnosis and treatment plan. With proper treatment, most people can return to their normal activities after a meniscal tear.