Osteonecrosis

Understanding Osteonecrosis

Osteonecrosis is a disease caused by reduced blood flow to bones in the joints. With too little blood, the bone starts to die and may break down. Osteonecrosis is also known as avascular necrosis, aseptic necrosis, and ischemic bone necrosis.

Causes of Osteonecrosis

While it is not always clear what causes the reduced blood flow, risk factors include fractures and dislocations, excessive alcohol consumption, corticosteroid medications, and serious diseases like cancer and lupus.

Symptoms of Osteonecrosis

In the early stages of osteonecrosis, patients may not have any symptoms. As the disease progresses, however, most experience joint pain — at first, only when putting weight on the affected joint, and then even when resting. Pain usually develops gradually and may be mild or severe.

Diagnosis of Osteonecrosis

If your doctor suspects you have osteonecrosis, X-rays are often the first tool used to assess the joints. However, in the disease’s early stages, X-rays may appear normal. MRI and CT scans are more precise imaging tests that can detect osteonecrosis in its early stages.

Treatment Options for Osteonecrosis

Treatment helps prevent further bone loss and reduce pain. In the early stages, this may involve medications and using crutches to take weight off the affected joints. If the disease has progressed further, however, surgery may be needed to restore blood flow to the bone or replace the damaged joint.

Prevention of Osteonecrosis

Preventing osteonecrosis mainly involves managing the risk factors. This includes limiting alcohol and corticosteroid use, maintaining a healthy weight, and protecting your joints from injuries. Regular check-ups can also help detect the condition early and start treatment.

In conclusion, osteonecrosis is a serious condition that can lead to severe joint pain and even joint replacement surgery. However, with early diagnosis and treatment, it is possible to manage the symptoms and prevent further bone damage.